Guiding question: How can we model the particulate nature of matter?
Standard level and higher level: 2 hours
Structure 1.1.1—Elements are the primary constituents of matter, which cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances.
Compounds consist of atoms of different elements chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio.
Mixtures contain more than one element or compound in no fixed ratio, which are not chemically bonded and so can be separated by physical methods.
Distinguish between the properties of elements, compounds and mixtures.
Solvation, filtration, recrystallization, evaporation, distillation and paper chromatography should be covered. The differences between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures should be understood.
Tool 1—What factors are considered in choosing a method to separate the components of a mixture?
Tool 1—How can the products of a reaction be purified?
Structure 2.2—How do intermolecular forces influence the type of mixture that forms between two substances?
Structure 2.3—Why are alloys generally considered to be mixtures, even though they often contain metallic bonding?
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